To access the service from a server, the port number is required. When the client tries to access some service, then the IP address is not sufficient to access the service. The client may be running multiple applications at the same time. Why do we require port numbers?Ī single client can have multiple connections with the same server or multiple servers. The range from 0 to 1023 port numbers are reserved for the standard protocols, and the other port numbers are user-defined. To access a particular service, the port number is used with an IP address. In the above case, 192.168.1.100 is an IP address, and 7 is a port number. IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) is a standard body that assigns the port numbers. In the case of TCP, the zero-port number is reserved and cannot be used, whereas, in UDP, the zero port is not available. Therefore, the range of port numbers is 0 to 65535. A port is a 16-bit unsigned integer, and the total number of ports available in the TCP/IP model is 65,535 ports. The TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) protocols mainly use the port numbers.Ī port number is a unique identifier used with an IP address. Each protocol and address have a port known as a port number. In order to do all these tasks, different unique numbers are assigned to these applications. For example, we have opened the email and games applications on our computer through email application, we want to send the mail to the host, and through games application, we want to play the online games. The TCP port is a unique number assigned to different applications.
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